Бъзак и рак

Обещаващи инструменти за рак терапия

Non-toxic type 2 ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) from Sambucus: occurrence, cellular and molecular activities and potential uses.

(PMID:12899446)

 Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are a family of enzymes that trigger the catalytic inactivation of ribosomes. The most known member of the family is the highly poisonous two-chain ricin isolated from Ricinus communis L. Sambucus species contain a number of two-chain RIPs structurally and enzymatically related to ricin which have the noteworthy feature that, having an enzymatic activity on ribosomes, leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis, higher than ricin, they are lacking of the tremendous unspecific toxicity of ricin. Therefore, they have been called non-toxic type 2 RIPs. The most representative and studied members are nigrin b present in the bark of the common (black) elder Sambucus nigra L. and ebulin 1 present in the leaves of the dwarf elder Sambucus ebulus L. The molecular basis for the low unspecific activities of nigrin b and ebulin 1 as compared with ricin seems to be related with single changes of amino acids in the high affinity sugar binding sites of the B chains. These changes determine the intracellular traffic of these proteins and thus the cellular toxicity. Conjugation ofnigrin b or ebulin 1 to either transferrin or monoclonal antibodies provided highly active conjugates targeting cancer. Thus these non-toxic type 2 RIPs are promising tools for cancer therapy. 

(  Girbes T, Ferreras JM, Arias FJ, Muñoz R, Iglesias R, Jimenez P, Rojo MA, Arias Y, Perez Y, Benitez J, Sanchez D, Gayoso MJ

Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain. girbes@bio.uva.es

Cellular and Molecular Biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France) [2003, 49(4):537-545]

Type: Journal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't )

Превод от Гугъл ( http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/12899446  ) "Рибозомна инактивация на протеини (RIP), са семейство ензими, които предизвикват каталитична инактивирането на рибозомите. Най-известен член на семейството е най-силно отровен две верига рицин изолиран от Ricinus Communis L. Sambucus видове съдържат редица две верижни RIPs структурно и ензимно свързани с рицин, които имат функцията отбележи, че с ензимна активност на рибозомите , което води до инхибиране на синтеза на протеин, по-висока от рицин, те са лишени от огромно неспецифична токсичност на рицин. Следователно, те са били призовани нетоксична тип 2 RIPs. Най-представителна и учи членове са nigrin б присъства в кората на чести (черно) бъз черен бъз L. и ebulin 1 присъства в листата на джудже бъз бъзак Л. Tтой молекулна база за ниските неспецифични дейности на nigrin б и ebulin 1 в сравнение с рицин изглежда, че са свързани с единични промени на аминокиселини в висок афинитет захар свързващи места на веригите на B. Тези промени определят вътреклетъчния движението на тези протеини и по този начин на клетъчна токсичност. Конюгиране ofnigrin или б ebulin 1 или трансферин или моноклонални антитела, предвидени много активни конюгати насочени рак. По този начин тези нетоксични тип 2 RIPs са обещаващи инструменти за лечение на раковите заболявания."

================================================
 http://www.phcog.com/article.asp?issn=0973-1296;year=2009;volume=5;issue=20;spage=316;epage=319;aulast=Shokrzadeh
Cytotoxic Effects of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Sambucus ebulus Compared With Etoposide on Normal and Cancer Cell Lines

"

Abstract

Sambucus ebulus is a native botany and exists in large amount in Iran and consists of anti-cancer substances such as ebulin (RIP-II, ribosome inactivated protein-II), flavonoids, etc. Isolation and identification of some potent anti-tumor compounds from medicinal plants, has motivated researchers to screen different parts of plant species for anti-tumor effects. In previous studies, anti-inflammatory effects of n-hexane and methanolic extracts of S. ebulus , nephro- and hepato-toxic effects of ethylacetate extract of this plant and evaluation of role of vitamins C and E on prevention of cellular and pathological disorders induced by the ethyl acetate extract was performed and reported. So, cytotoxic activity and IC₅₀ of specific concentrations of ethyl acetate extract of fruits of S.ebulus on 4 normal and cancer cell lines was studied.
Also, Etoposide, a chemotherapeutic drug, was administered to control positive group. The normal cell lines were CHO and rat fibroblast and cancer cell lines were HepG2 and CT26. The cytotoxic effects and IC₅₀ of the extract on the cell lines were studied followed by MTT assay.
The results showed that the ethyl acetate extract of Sambucus ebulus possesses lower IC₅₀ in the cancer cell lines in comparison with the normal cell lines. On the other hand, the extract possesses higher IC 50 in comparison with Etoposide on all 4 normal and cancer cell lines (P<0.05), but it manifested a good cytotoxic compound which can introduce as an anticancer compound."